Autor: Edward Brovarski | Strony: 143–151
Streszczenie
Dyskutowane są trzy teminy ḥwt, ḥwt-wrt oraz ḥwt-ʿnḫ. W przeciwieństwie do wcześniejszych sugestii, ustalona jest identyfikacja znaku ḥwt jako prostokątnego okręgu widzianego w planie z małym prostokątem wewnątrz przedstawiającego budowlę. Podobnie podparta została tradycyjna interpretacja ḥwt-wrt jako ‘dziedzińca prawa’ bardziej niż centralnego biura wezyra. Wreszcie utrwalona została interpretacja A.H. Gardinera ḥwt-ʿnḫ jako królewskiego salonu i jadalni w kontraście do uznania go za radę władcy.
Bibliografia
A
Arnold D., Middle Kingdom Tomb Architecture at Lisht, Publications of the Metropolitan Museum of Art 28, New York 2008
B
Baer K., Rank and Title in the Old Kingdom. The Structure of the Egyptian Administration in the Fifth and Sixth Dynasties, Chicago 1960
Brovarski E., Akhmim in the Old Kingdom and First Intermediate Period, [w:] P. Posener-Kriéger (red.), Mélanges Gamal eddin Mokhtar 1, Le Caire 1985
Brovarski E., The Inscribed Material of the First Intermediate Period from Naga-ed-Dêr, PhD dissertation, the University of Chicago 1989
Brovarski E., A Coffin from Farshût in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, [w:] L.H. Lesko (red.), Ancient Egyptian and Mediterranean Studies in Memory of William A. Ward, Providence, RI 1998
C
Caminos R., Fischer H.G., Ancient Egyptian Epigraphy and Palaeography, New York 1976
Clère J.J., Vandier J., Textes de la première période intermédiaire et de la XIe dynastie, BAe 10, Brussels 1948
D
Davies N. de G., The Mastaba of Ptahhetep and Akhethetep at Saqqareh I, Archaeological Survey of Egypt 8, London 1900
E
Edgerton W.F., The Government and the Governed in the Egyptian Empire, Journal of Near Eastern Studies 6, 1947
Erman A., Grapow H., Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, Leipzig, Berlin 1926-1963
F
Fischer H.G., A Daughter of the Overlords of Upper Egypt in the First Intermediate Period, Journal of the American Oriental Society 76, 1956
Fischer H.G., Dendera in the Third Millenium B.C., Locust Valley-New York 1968
Fischer H.G., Marginalia II, Göttinger Miszellen 128, 1992
Foucart G., Tombes thébaines, nécropole de Dirâ‘ Abû’n-Nága. Première partie. Le Tombeau d’Amenmos, Mémoires publiés par les membres de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale 57, Le Caire 1935
G
Gardiner A.H., The Mansion of Life and the Master of the King’s Largesse, Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 24, 1938
Goedicke H., Königliche Dokumente aus dem Alten Reich, Ägyptologische Abhandlungen 14, Wiesbaden 1967
Goedicke H., Die privaten Rechtsinschriften aus dem Alten Reich, Wien 1970
Goedicke H., Old Hieratic Paleography, Baltimore, Maryland 1988
Goelet O., Two Aspects of the Royal Palace in the Egyptian Old Kingdom, PhD dissertation, Columbia University 1982
H
Habachi L., King Nebhepetre Menthuhotp: His Monuments, Place in History, Deification and Unusual Representations in the Form of Gods, Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo 19, 1963
Hannig R., Ägyptisches Wörterbuch I, Mainz a/Rhein
Harpur Y., Decoration in Egyptian Tombs of the Old Kingdom. Studies in orientation and scene content, London-New York 1987
Hassan S. (re-edited by Z. Iskander), The Mastaba of Neb-Kaw-Ḥer, Excavations at Saqqara 1937–1938 I, Cairo 1975
Hayes W.C., A Papyrus of the Late Middle Kingdom in the Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn 1955
Helck W., Untersuchungen zu den Beamtentitel des ägyptischen Alten Reiches, Glückstadt 1954
Helck W., Zur Verwaltung des Mittleren und Neuen Reiches, Probleme der Ägyptologie 3, Leiden-Köln 1958
J
Jones D., An Index of Ancient Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom, Oxford 2000
Junker H., Gîza II. Die Maṣṭabas der beginnenden V. Dynastie auf dem Westfriedhof, Wien-Leipzig 1934
K
Kanawati N., The Rock Tombs of El-Hawawish IV. The Cemetery of Akhmim, Sydney 1983
Kanawati N., The Rock Tombs of El-Hawawish V. The Cemetery of Akhmim, Sydney 1985
Kanawati N., The Rock Tombs of El-Hawawish VII. The Cemetery of Akhmim, Sydney 1987
Kanawati N., Akhmim in the Old Kingdom, Part I: Chronology and Administration, Australian Centre for Egyptology Studies 2, Marrickville 1992
Kanawati N., Tombs at Giza II. Seshathetep/Heti (G5150), Nesutnefer (G4790) and Seshemnefer II (G5080), Australian Centre for Egyptology Reports 18, Warminster 2002
Kanawati N., Abder-Raziq M., The Teti Cemetery at Saqqara V. The Tomb of Hesi, Australian Centre for Egyptology Reports 13, Warminster 1999
L
Lepsius K.R., Denkmaeler aus Aegypten und Aethiopien I-VI, Berlin 1849-1859
Leprohon R.J., Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, fasc. 2, Corpus Antiquitatum Aegyptiacarum, Lose-Blatt-Katalog ägyptischer Altertümer, Mainz a/Rhein 1985
Lesko L.H., Switalski Lesko B., A Dictionary of Late Egyptian 1, Providence, RI 2002
M
Magee D., An early Middle Kingdom Coffin from Akhmim in the Ashmolean Museum (No. 1911.477), Journal of the Society of the Studies of Egyptian Antiquities 13, 1983
Martin-Pardey E., Verwaltung im Alten Reich, Grenzen und Möglichkeiten von Untersuchungen zu diesem Thema, Bibliotheca orientalis 46, 1989
Molen R. van der, A Hieroglyphic Dictionary of Egyptian Coffin Texts, Leiden 2000
Moreno Garcia J.C., Ḥwt et le milieu rural égyptien du IIIe millénaire: Économie, administration et organisation territoriale, Paris 1999
N
Naville E., Hall H.R., The Eleventh Dynasty Temple at Deir el-Bahari 3, Memoir of the Egypt Exploration Fund 32, London 1913
P
Posener-Kriéger P., Cenival J.L. de, The Abu Sir Papyri, London 1968
Posener-Kriéger P., Les archives du temple funéraire de Néferirkarê-Kakaï (Les papyrus d’Abousir) 2, Bibliothèque d’étude 76, Cairo 1976
Q
Quirke S., The Regular Titles of the Late Middle Kingdom, Revue d’égyptologie 37, 1986
Quirke S., The Administration of Egypt in the Late Middle Kingdom, New Malden-Surrey 1990
R
Roccati A., La littérature historique sous l’Ancien Empire égyptien, Littératures anciennes du Proche-Orient 11, Paris 1982
S
Spencer P., The Egyptian Temple. A Lexicographical Study, London-Boston 1984
Strudwick N., The Administration of Egypt in the Old Kingdom. The Highest Titles and their Holders, London-Boston-Henley-Melbourne 1985
Strudwick N., Texts from the Pyramid Age, Atlanta 2005
U
Urkunden des ägyptischen Altertums, Leipzig-Berlin
V
Vallogia M., Recherche sur les “messagers” (wpwtyw) dans les sources egyptiennes profanes, Geneva-Paris 1976
Vycichl W., Dictionaire étymologique de langue copte, Leuven 1983
W
Ward W.A., Index of Egyptian Administrative and Religious Titles of the Middle Kingdom, Beirut 1982
Wente E.F., Letters from Ancient Egypt, Atlanta 1990
