Numery archiwalne

Amenemhat III a Roma

Autor: Giuseppina Capriotti Vittozzi   |   Strony: 51–63

 

Streszczenie

A bust of Amenemhet III (XII Dynasty) in the National Museum of Rome, found in Rome, probably in the Pantheon area, where Pirro Ligorio saw it in the Sixteenth century, presents an example of unusual royal iconography. It is very similar to the well-known dyad of Amenemhet III from Tanis, now in the Cairo Museum, what allows virtual reconstruction of the original aspect of the statue from Rome. This iconographic type represents the king as the lord who nourishes the country, as the one related to the Nile and the fertility of Egypt. In fact, Amenemhet III was involved in large scale draining of the Fayum, that became a very important agricultural area, and he built his funerary complex (the so-called Labyrinth) at Hawara, near Fayum. In Greco-Roman period, he was still venerated there as the god Marres/Lamares/Premarres/Porromanres (from Egyptian pr-ʿȝ n(y)-mȝʿt-Rʿ), a deity linked to the local cobra-goddess, Isis-Thermuthis, ‘Lady of the Granaries’. Possibly, the statue of Amenemhet III/Porromanres was transported then to Rome under Nero, and whose commitment to the temples in the Fayum is well-known. He presented also himself in Egypt as Agathos Daimon, another beneficent god of fecundity, also linked to Isis-Thermuthis. Very similar to the Amenemhet III statue is a miniature bronze, probably also found in Rome, now in the National Museum of Florence. Its iconography is almost identical, but the lotus type (Nelumbo nucifera, instead of the traditional Nymphaea lotus L. and Nymphaea coerulaea Sav.) depicted there would date this object to the Late Period times.

 

 

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